Contractor's Guide to Specifying Garapa

The Golden Hardwood

Garapa (Apuleia leiocarpa), also known as Brazilian Ash, is a high-density tropical hardwood known for its warm, golden tones. It offers a more affordable entry into the exotic hardwood market while still providing a lifespan of 25-30+ years.

Physical & Mechanical Properties

Garapa is roughly 1.5 times harder than Oak, offering excellent scratch resistance and durability in a lighter-weight profile than Ipe.

Botanical NameApuleia leiocarpa
Janka Hardness1,650 lbf (7,350 N)
Specific Gravity0.66 (Basic), 0.79 (12% MC)
Modulus of Rupture12,900 psi (89.0 MPa)
Modulus of Elasticity2,250,000 psi (15.51 GPa)
Crushing Strength9,100 lbf/in²
ShrinkageRadial: 4.2%, Tangential: 7.5%, Volumetric: 10.4%
DurabilityDurable (Resistant to decay)

Architectural Implications

Its lighter weight makes it easier to handle on the jobsite. While not as stiff as Ipe, it easily spans standard 16" O.C. joist layouts. It is less abrasive on tooling, speeding up the installation process.

Grading & Appearance Expectations

Premium Grade Garapa is selected for uniform color and structural integrity.

Color Variation

Ranges from a light yellow to a warm golden-brown. It is one of the few light-colored hardwoods that performs well outdoors. Will age to a silver-gray if left unoiled.

Grain Pattern

Usually straight, though it can be slightly interlocked. Fine to medium texture.

Weathering

Stable during weathering but can be susceptible to water staining (iron stains or tannin bleed) during the initial weathering period if proper fasteners aren't used.

Installation Specifications

Acclimation & Storage

7–14 days of on-site acclimation. Must be stickered. Ensure the wood is kept dry during acclimation, as water sitting on unfinished boards can cause temporary spotting.

Cutting & Machining

Works well with standard carbide-tipped tools. Much easier to cut, drill, and route than denser exotics.

Fastening Systems

Pre-drilling is recommended. Absolutely requires high-quality 316 stainless steel fasteners; lower-grade steel will cause severe black iron staining on the light-colored wood.

End Sealing

Seal all cross-cuts immediately with an aqueous wax emulsion.

Ideal Applications

✓Residential decking
✓Rooftop and balcony decks
✓Rainscreen siding
✓Outdoor furniture

Limitations & Warnings

⚠Highly susceptible to iron stains; requires strict control of metal shavings and fastener quality on the jobsite.
⚠Not recommended for ground-contact or marine applications.
⚠Lower Janka hardness means it can dent more easily under heavy impact compared to Ipe.