Contractor's Guide to Specifying Ipe

The Gold Standard in Architectural Hardwood

Ipe (Handroanthus spp.) is recognized globally as the premier hardwood for exterior applications. Boasting extreme density, a Class A fire rating, and a 75+ year lifespan, it is specified for commercial boardwalks, luxury residential decks, and high-end rainscreen siding.

Physical & Mechanical Properties

Ipe's mechanical properties exceed almost all other commercially available lumber, providing unparalleled load-bearing capacity and wear resistance.

Botanical NameHandroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia)
Janka Hardness3,680 lbf (16,370 N)
Specific Gravity0.89 (Basic), 1.05 (12% MC)
Modulus of Rupture (Bending Strength)25,400 psi (175.1 MPa)
Modulus of Elasticity3,120,000 psi (21.51 GPa)
Crushing Strength25,400 lbf/in²
ShrinkageRadial: 5.9%, Tangential: 7.2%, Volumetric: 12.4%
Fire RatingClass A (ASTM E84)

Architectural Implications

Due to its extreme Modulus of Elasticity and Rupture, Ipe can often span greater distances than softer woods or composites, though local codes dictate joist spacing (standard 16" O.C. for 1x6, 24" O.C. for 5/4x6). The high density requires premium carbide-tipped tooling and pre-drilling for all fasteners.

Grading & Appearance Expectations

We supply Premium Architectural Grade Ipe, which is primarily clear of defects, though it is a natural product.

Color Variation

Significant natural variation ranging from light olive-brown to dark chocolate-black, often with contrasting stripes. Over time, UV exposure will transition the wood to a uniform silver-gray unless oiled annually.

Grain Pattern

Fine to medium texture with grain varying from straight to heavily interlocked. Interlocked grain can cause minor tearout during planing if not handled carefully.

Weathering

Extremely stable. Exhibits minimal checking or splintering when properly acclimated and end-sealed. Movement in service is minimal once equilibrium moisture content (EMC) is reached.

Installation Specifications

Acclimation & Storage

Mandatory 7–14 days on-site prior to installation. Must be stickered to allow airflow on all four sides. Protect from direct sun and rain during the acclimation period.

Cutting & Machining

Requires carbide-tipped saw blades and drill bits. High cutting resistance and a blunting effect on cutters. Machined surfaces are exceptionally smooth.

Fastening Systems

Pre-drilling is absolutely required. Use only 316 stainless steel screws (especially in coastal environments) to prevent staining and fastener failure. Hidden clip systems are widely supported for grooved profiles.

End Sealing

All cross-cuts must be sealed immediately with an aqueous wax emulsion (e.g., Anchorseal) to prevent end-checking.

Ideal Applications

✓Commercial boardwalks and public plazas
✓Luxury residential decking
✓Rainscreen siding cladding
✓Marine docks and piers
✓Exterior structural timbers

Limitations & Warnings

⚠Significantly heavier than domestic woods or composites (approx. 69 lbs/ft³), requiring robust substructures.
⚠Difficult to machine and install; labor costs are higher.
⚠Dust from cutting can be a respiratory irritant; proper PPE is required.